Essay about Social Contract Theory - 1429 Words

The political world is one that impacts nearly every aspect of our day-to-day lives. Whether it be through its enforcement of laws, protection of the public, or use of taxpayer-raised monies to carry out its myriad tasks, the government makes a mark on its people. The actions of the government, while frequently ridiculed or vilified, are the result of the people themselves, operating within our system of government. So while many people may disapprove of the job Congress is doing or the direction the president is leading us in, the status quo remains the same. This is because our current state of affairs, however twisted and convoluted it may be, has been determined as a norm, and agreed to by a majority. In the following†¦show more content†¦Even though to Hobbes a government brings peace and lifts people out of a state of war, it requires citizens to hand over certain rights in pursuit of this peace. Once an authority figure has taken the role of ruler, through social cont ract, it becomes the norm. Hobbes’ theory does not allow and makes no exceptions for questioning or rebelling against the government. To simplify it, Hobbesian social contract theory places an emphasis on the importance of a government that takes rights from the people to provide services and run the government. It favors a large government, and does not place any real importance on the rights of those entering into the social contract with those in power. Instead, the power once given to the authority is irrevocable, leaving a dangerous opportunity for tyranny to develop. Lockes is a nice contrast to Hobbes’ political philosophy. It offers a response to the absolute power given to rulers in Hobbesian theory. This classical liberalism, meaning that it seeks to curb power, rejects the idea of an absolute ruler, and places high importance on personal rights and freedoms. While Locke and Hobbes are similar in that they acknowledge a chaotic state of nature, the way in whi ch each deals with that state of nature are vastly different. Locke recognizes that there will always be some people in a state of war, and that man alone cannot eradicate war from the earth. His theory obtains authority not from a single figure who wields absoluteShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Social Contract1709 Words   |  7 Pagesterms of contracts, and is furthered with the theory of social contract. Additionally, contractualism can be distinguished from Hobbesian contractualism (also known as contractarianism) and Kantian contractualism, whereby the former looks to contracts made by individuals of a society for the sake of personal gain and benefit, while the latter sees to contracts made by individuals of any given society that consider each other and themselves to be free and equal members of State. The theory of theRead MoreThe Social Contract Theory1357 Words   |  5 PagesThe social contract theory is the belief that people live in a society with an unwritten and soc ially accepted contract for a relationship between the people and their government. The people follow certain rules to protect themselves from violence and the like. The government in turn enforces those rules. In the absence of a social contract, the state of nature exists which citizens actions are governed by personal morals and beliefs. In any social contract people vest their rights to the authorityRead MoreThe Theories Of The Social Contract Theory1008 Words   |  5 Pagesapposite at this juncture to define what social contract connotes. Social contract is the voluntary agreement among individuals by which, according to any of various theories, as of Hobbes, Locke, or Rousseau, organized society is brought into being and invested with the right to secure mutual protection and welfare or to regulate the relations among its members. The social contract theory or model was originated during the age of enlightment. Social contract arguments typically posit that individualsRead MoreThe Theory Of Social Contract Theory2326 Words   |  10 Pages Social Contract Brian Horvath Cleveland State University Business Society Government The concept of social contract theory is that in the beginning man lived in the state of nature. They had no government and there was now law to regulate them. There are three main philosophers Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau that are best known for the social contract theory. In the twentieth century moral and political theory with John Rawls’ Kantian version of social contractRead MoreThe Theory Of The Social Contract Theory Essay2038 Words   |  9 PagesOn the formation of the Social Contract Theory has a long history, many people have formed Social Contract Theory has made a great contribution. Thomas Hobbes as one of the representatives of Modern Social Contract Theory, his departure from the theory of human nature, to a fictional state of nature as a starting point, put forward the basic principles of natural law, natural rights, and then through the Social Contract Theory, the establishment of his country theory. Thomas Hobbes certain extentRead MoreUtilitarianism And Social Contract Theory1476 Words   |  6 PagesMichelle VanDeren Moral and Political Philosophy June 11, 2016 Reflection Paper Utilitarianism and Social Contract Theory Part I: Utilitarianism in the Work Place While managing a law firm over the past 13 years one of the most consistent issues to deal with is office attire. We have hired numerous employees ranging from 20-30 years of age whose attire did not project a professional appearance. Some of the employees often wore jeans or shirts that clearly showed their tattoos or were too revealingRead MoreConceptions of the Social Contract Theory924 Words   |  4 Pagesown version of the social contract theory. The social contract theory is a treaty or an agreement that developed a set of laws, organized a functional society, and created the need to be governed. It was put into place when man realized that there was no law. Mankind eventually sought the desire for security and order. To receive security and order people shall voluntarily give up all their rights and freedoms and be obedient to some sort of authority. The social contract theory is made up of twoRead MoreThe Social Contract Theory Essay1249 Words   |  5 Pages1a. The Socia l Contract Theory According to the Social Contract Theory, it suggests that all individuals must depend on an agreement/ or contract among each person to form a society, in which they live in. The concept emphasizes authority over individuals, in other words, the social contract favors authority (e.g. the Sovereign) over the individuals, because men have to forfeit their personal right and freedom to the government, in exchange for protection and security, which I will further elaborateRead MoreWeaknesses Of Social Contract Theory928 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Contract theory is the idea that in the beginning people lived in the state of nature with no government and laws to regulate them. In order to overcome the issues involved in the state of nature, people entered into agreements to protect themselves and their properties. They did this by uniting, rescinding certain rights under the state of nature, and pledging themselves to an authority that will guarantee certain protections. They all agr ee to live together under those laws and create aRead MoreEssay On Social Contract Theory1950 Words   |  8 PagesIn this paper, I will prove that Social Contract Theory is a good philosophy to follow. Social Contract Theory allows society as a whole to function the best, has he most fairness for all people in a society and generates the greatest amount of happiness in society. Social Contract Theory was founded by Thomas Hobbs and was presented in his book the Leviathan in 1651. The theory is the idea that the people within a society all agree to act in a moral way to avoid the State of Nature, this way of

Race And Ethnic Identity Racial Identity - 1000 Words

1.0 RACE AND ETHNIC IDENTITY In many perspectives, racial identities mean the differences in appearances of individuals especially with regards to the color of skin. Racial identities are mostly determined genetically or biologically. This includes traits like hair, bone structure color of the eyes etc. In recent times the biological determination of race has been disputed by social scientists who also propounds that races have more fluid social contexts. On the other hand, ethnicity encompasses everything from a common language to a common heritage. Sometimes other things such as common food or diet may come into play. Travelling to the USA has been a good example of racial identity perception change because this has placed me in an†¦show more content†¦This quote has been a motivation to me every time I am faced with a new challenge in this environment. I soon came to realize that the USA embraces so many religions and has no national religion at all. Initially, I was in shock when I realized very few Americans attended church on Sundays, or better still, believed and practiced Christianity, especially when I had read in history books of how the USA was founded on Christian principles and even their dollar bills have a Christian quote on it. Now, I have become more open and indifferent to accepting the different religious opinions from those I hold. As a principle, I do not like to talk about religion in an academic and professional setting and mostly would ask for permission from my listeners before sharing my opinion on a seemingly controversial issue. 3.0 NATIONAL AND REGIONAL IDENTITIES Article 15 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that â€Å"Everyone has the right to a nationality,† and â€Å"No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality.† Accordingly, national identity has been related to the characteristic of a specific country which may include its traditions, language, and politics, whereas a regional identity refers to features of a specific geographical region. Coming from Africa, I relate to these several unique features as an African and a Ghanaian. I have held that I am aShow MoreRelatedImportance Of Race Ethnicity : An Exploration Of Asian, Black, Latino, And Multiracial Adolescent Identity Essay1047 Words   |  5 PagesImportance of race-ethnicity: An exploration of Asian, Black, Latino, and Multiracial adolescent identity Article source- Charmaraman, L., Grossman, J. M. (2010, April). Importance of race-ethnicity: An exploration of Asian, Black, Latino, and Multiracial adolescent identity. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 16(2), 144-151. doi: 10.1037/a0018668 (a) Contextual information about the purpose/intention of this study: Throughout the history of United States, race has been one ofRead MoreRace Construction Essay1335 Words   |  6 PagesEthnology Draft Racial constructions in the United States beyond white and black Race construction in the United States has been socially constructed since the founding of the republic. Racial differences and the development of various ethnic identities have been affected by the rigidity of racial categories in the United States, these include American Indian or Alaskan Native, black or African American, Native Hawaiian or other Asian Pacific Islander, and white. The racial divide in the UnitedRead MoreEthnic And Racial Identity During Adolescence Into Young Adulthood855 Words   |  4 PagesThe peer reviewed article â€Å"Ethnic and Racial Identity During Adolescence into Young Adulthood: An Integrated Conceptualization† is a well written article on the struggle that people of color face when coming face to face with their identity in social situations. Umana-Taylor, Quintana, Lee, Cross, Rivas-Drake, Schwartz and Seaton (2014) analyzed ethnic and racial identity or ERI and how it relates to important developments and issues from early childhood well o n into young adulthood. They workedRead MoreCultural Identity And Ethnic Identity1253 Words   |  6 PagesThe models of cultural identity share most of the same mutual characteristic but the experiences each individual endure in life will have the individual thinking about their belief. The cultural identity is the individuality or feeling of belonging. When thinking about a Native American understanding the racial and ethnic identity of an individual is important part of that individual. Racial and ethnic identity is a contribution to complete understanding the Native American. For some mainlyRead MoreRace, Religion, Social Class, And Ethnicity1274 Words   |  6 Pagesall guided by how you identify. Identification in one’s gender, race, religion, social class, and ethnicity are all driving forces behind your future self. Identity is a crucial part of who you are, and in recent studies and experimentation researchers have been trying to identify new, untested factors that influence behavior in people. Although, in the past there hasn’t been a strong focus on the positive and negative effects of race and ethnicity, the conversation is now shifting to align itselfRead MoreThe Absolutely True Diary Of A Part Time Indian By Sherman Alexie1131 Words   |  5 Pages2DG-40 December 4th, 2015 Identity Crisis in The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian Almost all teens experience some sort of an identity crisis. They struggle with finding a clearer sense of themselves. Arnold Spirit Jr., a 14-year-old reservation Indian, faces an identity crisis when he leaves his reservation to go to school in Reardan, a town inhibited by white people. To begin, Arnold moves between different settings, and when he does, there is a change in his identity. Moreover, there is aRead MoreEthnic Identity And Racial Identity866 Words   |  4 PagesEthnic identity remains one of the most extensively studied topics in the social sciences. The book â€Å"Studying Ethnic Identity† provides insight into the dynamic process that goes into the formation of ethnic-racial identity by psychological researchers. Ethnic and racial identity is a subject that is important to study because it has been associated with positive well-being, psychological distress, and academic attitudes (Rivas-Drake, Syed, et al, 2014; Smith Silva, 2011). Past research has tried Read MoreThe Pros and Cons of Ethnic Identification Essay914 Words   |  4 Pagesforeign one. From this movement of migration have emerged many ethnic groups. An ethnic group is a restraint number of persons living in a larger society and sharing the same distinct cultural heritage. Some people tend to bury their habits and accommodate to the new way of life. However others hold on to their identity and try to identify their race and maintain it. This enriches societies and makes them multi-racial. Therefore, every ethnic group is essential to complete the mosaic. Although they areRead MoreEthnic Variability Of Hispanic Latino936 Words   |  4 PagesAn Analysis of the Ethnic Variability of the Latino/Hispanic Group in the United States Census (112) The historical development of ethnic categorization as a distinct concept from race in the U.S. Census was defined through the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in October 1997. This criterion was meant to discern between biological/genetic factors and the ethnic aspects of Latino/Hispanic identity as part of this governmental decree: â€Å"The racial and ethnic categories set forth in the standardsRead MoreThe Theory Of Social Class1128 Words   |  5 PagesAnother factor that affects identity is social class. The Marxism assumption is that socio-economic position is a fundamental element to shape identity. People are not individuals, but part of a class. The Marxist ideology is that of â€Å"false consciousness†, this meaning that some classes, the lower, working class, are not aware of the position they have to society. As a result, this is why they often work in jobs that are underpaid. Some Marxist theorists believe that class identity is procreated in culture

Incompatible legislation and Human Rights in the UK Free Essays

Introduction First of all, much debate in the United Kingdom amongst commentators and some judges in relation to the human rights are currently being generated. The amalgamation of the European convention on human rights was introduced by Tony Blair (prime minister of the United Kingdom from the 2nd of May to the 27th June 2007) who led the government in 1998, and more importantly it was known as Human Right Act 1998. The EuropeanCourtofHumanRightsin Strasbourg is a national court, formed by the European Convention on Human Rights, which provides legal remedy of final alternative for persons who feel that their human rights have been desecrated by a contracting party to the Convention. We will write a custom essay sample on Incompatible legislation and Human Rights in the UK or any similar topic only for you Order Now In addition, I would like to state that it is against the law for public authorities to act contrary to the convention rights. Parliamentary Sovereignty which has however been elemental to the constitution of England and Wales since the 17th century had an important role when it came to the realization of the incorporation of the European Court of Human Right (ECHR) into the United Kingdom law but the convention rights come into force through an Act of Parliament. Second of all, The Human Right Act section 6 also states that public authorities including courts must take actions attuned with definite Convention Rights as enforced in the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR). Meanwhile, the Human Rights Act empowers the judiciary courts to interpret both delegated and primary legislations which is very well incompatible with the Convention Rights. Incompatibility under section 4 of the European Court of Human Right only comes in place when the domestic legislation is in conflict with the ECHR, interestingly it does not affect the validity of the legislation and the right to legislate contrary to the human rights are kept because no one can override any law at all which is made by the parliament, for an incompatible legislation to be set aside and stop to exist some amendments have to e made by the parliament. Incompatible legislation will have to go through the parliament for amendment and scrutiny. There would have been a massive entrenchment on the citizens’ individual human rights because protective mechanism would not have taken place within this period as was in the case of GC C v Commissioner of Police for Metropolis. This is an arbitrary policy which fails to permit consideration of personal factors and it as well permits imprecise custody of samples received in state of affairs where neither of the claimants have been accused of any offence or convicted of any offence. Although section 54 of the Police and Criminal Justice Act 2001 Section 82, which was amended states that fingerprints and DNA samples can be retained and used for the purposes related to the prevention and detention of crime investigating offences or conducting persecutions. Furthermore, Public authorities have a defence if legislation requires them to act the way they did in section 6(2), this was shown in the GC C v Commissioner of Police for the Metropolis [2010] EWHC 2225, through the policy which the Chief Constable of police officers adopted, in cognizance to retain biometric samples, DNA and fingerprints for an unlimited period like was explained above, and it infringes individual rights. Lastly, the introduction of the Human Rights Act is a development which is very well welcome because of its protection of individual convention rights. European Court of Human Right laws are not merged automatically into the United Kingdoms’ law simply because the United Kingdom is a dualist state unlike many continental European countries, which are ‘monist’. In dualist states a treaty ratified by the Government does not change the laws of the state except and until it is incorporated into national law by legislation. Until incorporating legislation is put to force, the national courts have no authority to put into effect treaty rights and obligations both on behalf of the Government or a private human being. Parties agree to secure these rights and freedoms to everyone within their jurisdiction. The Convention also establishes international enforcement machinery. To ensure the observance of the activities undertaken by the Parties, the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg has been set up; it deals with individual and inter-State petitions. At the demand of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe, the Court may also give advisory opinions with reference to or pertaining the interpretation of the Conventions and the protocols thereto. Under the European Communities Act 1972 (ECA) Parliament willingly gave effect to the United Kingdoms’ obligations and duties under the previous Community and now European Union Treaties in national law. The European Community Act (ECA) defines the legitimately certified or legal relationship amid the two if not separate spheres of law, and exclusive of it European Union law could not become part of national law. Most of the Contracting Parties to the European Convention on Human Rights have included the Convention into their own national legal orders, either through constitutional provision, statute or judicial decision. Coupled with the access of force of Protocol No. 11, has radically improved the status of Convention rights, and the impact of the case law of European Court of Human Rights. In conclusion, the laws cannot be changed because of GC C v Commissioner of Police for Metropolis because a law made is a law to be kept and followed. It cannot be made flexible or easily amended at any given time because if it did there would not be any respect for the law and that would make the law be easily influenced which is not good for a country or state. Human Rights in the United Kingdom are not being fully protected but despite that fact the court has however being able to protect individual rights just like in the case of R v The Head Teacher and Governors of Denbigh High School [2006] UKHL 15, where the Court of Appeal and the House of Lords was In favour with shabina Begum. Bibliography: Le Sueur, A., Sunkin, M., Murkens, J.E.K., ‘Public Law: Text, Cases and Materials’, (Oxford University Press: New York 2010) Le Sueur, A. Sunkin, M., ‘Public Law’, (Addison Wesley Longman Limited: New York, 1997) How to cite Incompatible legislation and Human Rights in the UK, Essay examples

Dream destinations free essay sample

St Augustine once said, The world is a book and those who do not travel read only one page. This quote suggests that each and every one of us should travel and see the outside world rather than just ours. Many people dont really see the point of travelling, and the most common excuse is its a waste of time; money or its scary to travel to places that are too far away. People dont recognize the importance and outlook in travelling. Its very essential to educate ourselves and know the countries around us and the different cultures and traditions. One of the principal values of travelling is that, it breaks the monotony of life and work. Talking about dream destinations, first on my list is London. It is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom. We will write a custom essay sample on Dream destinations or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page London is the most populous region, urban zone and area in the United Kingdom. Londons buildings are too diverse to be characterized by any particular architectural style. There, you can see the Big Ben clock tower which was completed in 1858; the famous red telephone box which is a familiar sight on the streets of the United Kingdom and the double-decker bus which was said to be the best way to see London. Also, a sight to behold is the Buckingham Palace which is the official residence of the British monarch. Conclusion: Thus, travelling has tremendous educative, informative and social life. It widens peoples mental horizon, improves health, adds thrill and relaxation to life, dispels boredom and helps national integration. Therefore I suggest that educational tours should become an integral part of modern education.

Whaling In Us Compared To Japan Essays - Whaling, Hunting

Whaling In Us Compared To Japan Did you know that in the last 50 years over two million whales have been killed? The United States views whaling very differently than Japan does. It is a complicated and controversial topic. Many people have opinions about whale hunting. However, everyone should know both sides of the whale hunting issues before they act on the issue. To start out I am going to tell you a little about whaling. The first whale hunters were in the prehistoric times. At first they would just kill and eat beached whales. That became such a habit that they started hunting them. Most whale hunters use harpoons, guns, lances, or bombs that blow up inside the whale. They use catcher boats, or kayaks. In 1925, whalers developed factory ships that could hold 12 catcher boats and a crew of about 400. These ships had radar under the boat that could detect where the whales were. These boats are what made it so easy to hunt whales. In 1931, the International Whaling Convention began. The major whaling countries formed the IWC to protect whales from being over hunted and to regulate the whaling industries. The main duty of the IWC is to keep under review and revise the measures laid down in the Schedule to Convention, which governs the conduct of whaling throughout the world. These measures provide for the protection of certain species; designate specified areas as whale sanctuaries; set limits on the numbers and size of whales which can be taken; have open and closed seasons and areas for whaling; and prohibit the capture of female whales accompanied by calves. The United States stopped whale hunting in 1940 because of the International Whaling Convention and also because Congress made an U.S. code on whale hunting. The United States never depended on whale meat like Japan. They mostly whale hunted for a hobby. The Congress feels that whales are a unique resource of great scientific interest to mankind and are a vital part of the marine ecosystem. Man has overexploited whales for many years, highly reducing species and endangering others. The United States has extended its responsibilities to protect all marine animals. They think that whales are a particular interest to citizens of the United States. Japan started whaling way back in the 2nd Century BC. They whale because they have whale meat as part of their diet. In 1946, whale meat was not considered special food anymore but was necessary to keep the Japanese healthy and alive because they depended on it for so long. People ate whale meat as a source of protein whether they liked it or not. In 1947, about 47% of the total animal protein was whale meat. Until the 1960's, whale meat continued to be their main source of protein. In 1962, the whaling industry recorded 226,000 tons of whale meat; this was the highest amount throughout the history of the Japanese whaling. The percentage of whale meat consumption compared to the total animal meat consumption was 23% in 1964. (whalenet 1) Whale meat was the only meat served in school lunches, which began in 1947 and continued until the mid-1950. After that, pork and chicken began to be served in school lunches and the amount of whale meat decreased. In the mid-1970's, whale meat was u sed more than any other meat and today it still is but has reduced highly since then. In the United States there is an Indian Tribe that is still whaling. This Tribe is called the Makah Indians. They are from the western state of Washington. They are allowed to hunt because the IWC believes that whaling has been in their tradition for so long that it is all right. Whaling has been a tradition of the Makah for more than 2000 years. They had to stop in the 1920's due to there not being many gray whales still alive. The gray whales' abundance now makes it possible for them to hunt again. One Makah Indian says, ?I feel that our health problems result, in some degree, to the loss of our traditional diet of seafood and sea mammal meat. We would like to restore the meat of the

Fdrs Influence As President Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

Fdr's Influence As President Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers Fdr's Influence As President Some have called him the best president yet. Others have even claimed that he was the world's most influential and successful leader of the twentieth century. Those claims can be backed up by the overwhelming support that he received from his citizens throughout his four terms in office. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt began a new era in American history by ending the Great Depression that the country had fallen into in 1929. His social reforms gave people a new perspective on government. Government was not only expected to protect the people from foreign invaders, but to protect against poverty and joblessness. Roosevelt had shown his military and diplomatic skill as the Commander in Chief during World War II. This wartime leadership and international relations policy won him an award in the hearts of many Americans. Roosevelt threw his hat in the ring in 1931 in order to prepare for the election of 1932. Democratic Party chairman James A Farley directed his campaign. He started a nationwide radio address, outlining a program to meet the economic problems of the nation. He coined the term forgotten man to mean all of those who had been hard hit by the evils of the depression. These radio addresses were the start to what he called the fireside chats. Overall, Roosevelt was the most energetic and dynamic candidate, and he was nominated by the party on the fourth ballot. Although he displayed excellent characteristics, his competition was fairly tough. He was up against John Nance Garner of Texas (who would be his Vice Presidential running mate); Newton D. Baker of Ohio, who was former Secretary of War; and former Governor Alfred E. Smith of New York. For three ballots, Roosevelt held a large lead, but lacked the two- thirds margin necessary for victory. Farley then promised John Garner the vice presidential nomination, which he accepted grudgingly. Then FDR took the presidential nomination on the fourth ballot. One of the purposes of the national convention is to bring the party together in a movement of support behind the nominated candidate. Although there was rough competition during the choosing process, most party leaders were happy with the Roosevelt choice. It would help pull votes from the urban-Eastern region of the country. Also, Roosevelt made a dashing introduction at the Chicago convention by being the first nominee to ever write an acceptance speech. In this speech, he brought emotions from the audience in his last line, I pledge to you, I pledge to myself, to a new deal for the American people. During the November campaign against Hoover, Roosevelt suggested a few parts of the so called New Deal. He spoke of relief and public works money. He wanted to develop a plan to cut agricultural overproduction. He was for public power, conservation and unemployment insurance. The repeal of prohibition and stock exchange regulation were also big items on his platform. However, other than the aforementioned items, Roosevelt was quite vague about other plans. He mentioned little about his plans for industrial recovery or labor laws. As much foreign policy experience as he had, he talked very little of it during the campaign. Many believe that he was simply trying to home in on the problems that the American public saw most prominent at the time. When it came to election day, Roosevelt was the only viable alternative to Hoover, who many blamed for the Great Depression, although critics argue that it was the presidents preceding the Hoover Administration. The outcome reflected this thinking: Roosevelt won 22,821,857 votes compared to Hoover's 15, 761,841. Roosevelt also won the electoral 472 to 59. The voters had sent large majorities of Democrats to both houses as well, which would enable Roosevelt to accomplish more by pushing through more bills. Roosevelt's second election was in 1936. The Democratic National Convention re-nominated him by acclamation no vote was even taken. Vice President Garner was also nominated. The Republican opponents were Governor Alfred M. Landon of Kansas and Frank Knox, a newspaper publisher. Republicans, seeing Roosevelt's overwhelming popularity, were reaching for a tomato to throw. They claimed that he had not kept his promise to the people to balance the budget. Roosevelt replied by pointing to the actions of fighting the depression and

Midterm Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Midterm - Assignment Example As has been evident in the recent wars and the virility of drone technology use, it is sufficient to state that robotics, inclusive of drone warfare, represent technological revolution in warfare and global security. Drones are now at the top of the robotic weapons employed by the U.S. since 2004. Since their inception, winning wars has not only become simpler, but world politics are also taking a more positive approach. One of the biggest roles played by drones so far has been in counterinsurgency fights. In the Afghanistan, Iraqi, and Libyan Wars, the American commanders were awarded a great advantage by drones. First, they could survey enemy territory without being noticed. As such, they would plan their attacks to attain maximum effectiveness. In short, they knew where to hit, and when, using what kind of power, and what the likely outcome was. In this way, they had greater command over the battlefield. This justifies that warfare has undergone significant revolution unlike ancient times when rivals blindly went into battlefields with the least idea of what awaited them. Second, unarmed drones played a key role in undermining enemy’s networks of communications. Before and during the wars, spy drones would invade enemy airspaces and bypass their communication systems. Back at headquarters, the drone operators would collect intelligence from the information being relayed by the UAVs. As such, they knew much of what the enemy was planning, or they could easily locate insurgents’ hideouts. This advancement in collecting intelligence enabled the United Sates to suppress terror attacks as well as take the enemy by surprise. In the event that an enemy is caught unawares in battle, the war is a win-win situation. More importantly, drones can be used to interrupt enemy communications thus disrupt their activities. One of the most popular

The ANWR Oil Drilling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The ANWR Oil Drilling - Essay Example Nevertheless, since this portion, called ‘1002 Area’ after the ANILCA section, has been considered as a probable source of oil and gas because of its proximity to the Mackenzie Delta, an area which has been found to have such resources by Canadians. In 1995, the two legislative bodies of the US government passed into law the Budget Act, which also includes an approval of the development of the ANWR 1002 Area. However, President Bill Clinton, under pressure from environmentalist groups, decided to veto it. Since then, the issue of further exploration and the possibility of extraction of oil and gas in the ANWR have become the subject of intense debates among environmentalist groups and proponents of petroleum and gas exploration. With the constant fluctuations and increases in the prices of crude oil in the world market, the increasing domestic demand for it, and the recurring peace and order problems in the Middle East, the debate on the issue has intensified even furthe r. The ANWR oil drilling issue has even reached the point that it has become an agenda for national elections. Both the Republicans and the Democrats have used their respective stand on this subject as part of their strategies in gathering political support for every electoral contest they participate. The Democrats have held the stand of opposing oil drilling in the area since President Clinton. (Douglas) On the other hand, the Republicans have been pushing for the opening of the 1002 Area for exploration and eventual extraction. However, the political noise generated by the debate on this issue between the Republicans and the Democrats have only blurred further the merits and demerits of oil drilling in the ANWR.  

Iran Nuclear Deal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Iran Nuclear Deal - Essay Example In as much as the Iran nuclear deal has raised a lot of debates on the implications of the deal on international platform, it is evident that the deal is a great milestone achieved regarding international relations and diplomacy. America and the international community have for many decades put measures including international sanctions and freezing of the Iranian assets as a means of averting the Iranian intention of making nuclear weapons, but only with immense level of failure. It is thus obvious that the Iran nuclear deal framework is a diplomatic way of solving the nuclear issue (Bremmer, 2015). With the agreement towards the Iran nuclear deal, the deal would help in the reduction of Iran’s stockpile of enriched uranium. This is an important step since uranium is one of the major nuclear elements required in the manufacture of an atomic bomb. A reduction in the stockpile of uranium is thus a peaceful means of ensuring Iran does not manufacture the bombs. Additionally, the deal through the limit of the nuclear facilities in Iran would increase the time required for Iran to process a nuclear bomb from two to three months to at least one year. The increase in duration is very crucial as it gives the international community time to monitor Iranian nuclear activities ensuring Iran does not manufacture a nuclear weapon. Being that Iran agreed to international monitoring of its nuclear activities with robust level of transparency, it would be difficult for the country to use its nuclear stockpile for military purposes;

How To Make Macys More Competitive Business Essay

How To Make Macys More Competitive Business Essay A larger chunk of the total workforce is at Macys are categorized as employees who are floor managers, supervisors, cashiers, handlers, and sales associates at Macys retail stores. We have found that this category of employees have a really high turnover rate. There are several repercussions associated with a high turnover rate. If the turnover rate is high, the employees become demoralized in their work duties which results in inadequate efficiency. Although, the high turnover is found amongst the lower level staff but still there is a humungous cost associated with turnover. The cost to recruit, select, and train new employees often exceed 100% of the annual salary of the position being filled (Allen, Bryant, Vardaman, 2010). Based on the exit interviews conducted by the management, it is found that most of the turnover is voluntary and controllable turnover. Voluntary turnover is when employees leave the company by their own choice whereas controllable turnover is when employees decide to leave for reasons that are influenced by the employer. Therefore, it is evident that the high turnover rate has resulted due to lack of managerial effectiveness. Macys employs a diverse workforce of more than 167,000 employees because of which it is difficult to have a flat hierarchical structure. As a result the communication between lower level staff and high level staff is almost non-existent. Therefore, it is important for us to restructure the way we recruit our workforce especially for the positions that require managerial activities. The HR department along with the collaboration with the department of IT, Marketing, Finance, and Operations has realized that there is a need for an urgent strategy to reduce employee turnover because reducing this ratio is one of the ways to make Macys competitive again. The strategy will be dual phased. The first phase of the strategy will focus on how to effectively recruit individuals for managerial positions in the stores. For this pre-employment testing will be introduced in to the workplace which will test the managerial skills of the selected candidates for those positions. The first phase will also consist of conducting employee surveys every six months which will focus on employees feelings and attitudes about their jobs and the organization. The second phase of the strategy will be the creation of a blog with collaboration with the IT department. The blog will give a platform for the employees at all levels of management to communicate with each other and discuss their pr oblems, job duties, problems at the workplace, and how they feel about the organization. The strategy to reduce turnover and increase Macys competiveness will be discussed further in detail in the Strategy Formulation and Strategy Implementation Phase. Macys employee turnover rate is 3.726% compared to an industry average of 3.1%. It is computed by dividing the number of employees in the beginning of the year (167,000) by the number of employees remaining at the end of the year (161,000). The resultant figure (1.03726) is then subtracted from one (0.03726) and multiplied by a hundred (3.726%) to determine the employee turnover in terms of percentage (Department of Labor, 2010). Although, the employee turnover rate is very close to the industry average, a small difference in the percentages could translate into a significant monetary amount. The cost of turnover is usually the cost to find, interview, train, and equip a new hire. Research shows that a minimum of $1,500 per employee is the cost of a turnover. While $1,500 may not be a huge amount of money for a store to cover that cost. Macys Inc. has a net profit margin of only 1.49% which means that the company has to sell million dollars worth of items to cover that cost (Wolfe, 2010). Since most of the workforce at Macys comprises of lower management staff such as floor managers, cashiers, supervisors, handlers, and sales associates, it is important to lower the employee turnover rate because otherwise the employees will become demoralized in their work duties which eventually results in decreased efficiency. In order to make Macys more competitive there are a number of strategies that need to be pursued specifically by the Human Resources department. The strategy consists of developing an internal blog for better communication, conducting exit interviews for valuable feedback, and hiring managers and supervisors effectively and efficiently. The reason to develop a blog is to give the lower management a platform where they can communicate freely with the upper management. This will not only result in increased communication between the two but also, a relationship between the two will be developed. In this blog, the employees will have liberty to write, comment, and share anything they would want coworkers and upper management to consider. This could be complaints, recommendations, opinions, workplace ethics, job duties, or job descriptions. The reason to conduct exit interviews is to primarily get feedback from departing employees. Secondly, it gives the management an opportunity to retain the employee so as to overcome the cost of recruiting a new employee. The departing employees could be given a questionnaire which highlights job duties, management, job variety, work environment. This way the management can review the recommendation and opinion given by the departing employee and take necessary actions. Effectively recruiting managers and supervisors is also related to the high employee turnover rate. It is evident that the current managers were not effectively recruited because they lack the necessary knowledge, skills, and abilities to effectively manage and supervise a team of employees. During the hiring process, the HR department can develop a questionnaire which shall test the knowledge, skills, and abilities of the candidates and determine if they have the key competencies to over achieve their job duties. In order to make Macys more competitive, the HR department has developed a three phased strategy. The first phase of the strategy deals with effective recruiting of managers and supervisors. This will require a development of new hiring techniques such as the use of latest technological instruments to filter the best candidates from job postings. Furthermore, online testing and questionnaires will be developed so as to test and hire the most competent candidate. The second phase of the strategy deals with conducting exit interviews from the departing employees. This will require the HR representative to take notes while interviewing the departing employee because his/her comments, recommendations, and opinions will help in improving working conditions and retaining employees. Sometimes, these interviews could save a company from being sued as some employees depart and later sue the company for reasons they were never aware of. The notes that the HR representative takes can become useful in the courtroom. Furthermore, in collaboration with the IT department, this phase will require a creation of a database to store and manage the feedback received from the questionnaires and interview. Phase three is the most important part of the strategy which is the creation of a blog which will be formed with collaboration from the IT department. The costs associated with creating the blog are negligible except the cost of time. Usually, the cost to create a blog is around $100 which includes a domain name, unlimited uploads and downloads, and unlimited backup of data uploaded on to secure servers. Effective recruiting, creation of a blog, and conducting exit interviews will serve as the basis to evaluate and control the high employee turnover. It can also be evaluated by checking the employee turnover rates at the end of first quarter of the year 2011. A low employee turnover would mean more cost savings from the HR department which could eventually be used to for higher profits and higher dividends to stockholders. Additionally, to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategy, the HR department will have to collaborate once again with the IT department to develop a database of the departing and departed employees. The reason for doing that would be, as these employees would be already trained and already knowledgeable about the company, it could help cut recruiting costs for the company.

Death Leads To Maturity :: essays research papers

In the entire life cycle of a human being, teenage stage is the fun, memorable, and some time the wild part. In this teenage stage, the teenagers experiment with everything without caring about the consequences. For most people, the life prior to the teenage stage is the most exciting part because there are no worries; every thing is fun. When the teenage life begins, most of their behaviours change while adapting to various habits. They follow good and bad behaviours as the result of influences from their parents, friends, teachers and the society they live in. These behaviours and societal norms combined with enthusiastic nature makes teenagers do various things. The result of their activities gives them the basic knowledge of the real world. Dead Poets Society, by N.H. Kleinbaum, and A Separate Peace, John Knowles, are two novels that focus on the difficult journey towards maturity and the adult world of the teenage boys. They focus on the learning experience of friendship and self esteem through the death of others. Both John Keating and Finny (Phineas) are great leaders who face many difficulties in achieving their goal and often become the victims. Dead Poets Society opens with Keating being a substitute teacher for an English class and encouraging his students to make their lives meaningful and extraordinary by referring to the word â€Å"Carpe Diem† (25). This is the Latin word for seize the Day and he wants them to seek out their dreams and to believe in themselves. Keating believes that education requires the student to think for himself. He must be free to question and to learn in the way that he learns best. A Separate Peace opens with Finny being portrayed as a brave sixteen years old boy who strongly believes in and encourages other students in his class to act upon their wishes. Both characters are optimistic about making a change in other people’s lives to make them better. Keating encourages the students to write poems to express their feelings. Finny on the other hand, encourages his friends to skip classes and do wild things like jumping off the tree. Neil, one of Keating’s students, follows his wishes and disobeys his father. At the end, Neil kills himself when his father decides to take him out of school. Yet Keating is blamed for Neil’s death and is expelled from his position. The persistent theme of A Separate Peace is the fall of a complex friendship.

Marital Conflicts and the Resolutions

Our marriage is in one of the most critical moments of our lives; in fact it is between a rock and a hard place. It has now been six years since we got married in one of the most colorful church weddings I have ever witnessed.It is not that we have not gone through some minor conflicts previously, but at least we were able to resolve them immediately by counselors, friends, our pastors and ourselves.The previous disagreements had to do with our monthly spending, pressure from our parents, time to arrive home and our choice of friends among other issues. At present, things have escalated from being bad to worse, with no signs of a possible solution at the horizon.Before we got married, I had vividly known that my fiancà ©e at that time was a committed Seventh Day Adventist though I am a member of the Assemblies of God Church, an evangelical group of the Protestant church.Our parents, friends and the best couple had asked us if we foresaw any future collision since our churchesâ€℠¢ doctrines were different; our answer then was a big no. We believed that our love for each other would conquer any disputes that would arise in our marriage.My wife’s father is a very staunch Adventist; in fact, one of the senior elders at the local church and had never had the thought that any of his five children would ever desert the church which he helped found; an action that made him become respected in the entire locality. My wife loves his father so much and thus has no intent of betraying him.Being an evangelical, a born again Christian and the head of my family, I am not comfortable with the idea of having a divided family with my wife attending church on Saturday making her not attend to her domestic and marital duties from six in the morning to six in the evening (according to their beliefs). On the other hand, I attend church services on Sundays and other fellowships on the weekdays.The conflict is arising from the fact that we do not agree in very many issues that pertain to the different doctrines that the two groups advocate for. My wife does not eat pork or any related products; she does not take either tea or coffee for to her both are drugs, classifying them in the same group with tobacco or marijuana.My wife and I are both civil servants, my wife working with the department of Education and I as an army officer though at the moment I am on the study leave enrolled in the University in an undergraduate program.We have two daughters, Shari and Shako aged five and three respectively. It is our obligation as parents to bring them up in a way that is honorable so that they can become great members of the society. What makes me uncomfortable about our religious differences is because our little children look confused (especially the elder one). Sometimes they go to church on Saturdays and on Sundays; to their mother’s and father’s churches respectively.The older daughter has severally asked me why I do not go to their mothe r’s church and she has, I suppose, asked her mum a similar question. She has made me understand that her friends usually go to church with their both parents and looking at her anxious face, it is obvious that she will be very happy if we would start doing the same.My greatest desire is for us to attend the same church for the sake of our unity and our children. Since I have never thought of myself becoming an Adventist and have always regarded myself incompatible with their doctrines (that I find very conservative) and because our church is a bit liberal, I have severally suggested that we choose a neutral church where we would all be attending together with our children but she has categorically stated that this would only happen â€Å"over her dead body†. This definitely explains why I am a stressed man.

Free Essays on About Uncle Toms Cabin

Uncle Tom's Cabin This novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe was meant to bring the reality of slavery in the South to the citizens of the North. In this book she portrays both the best and worst of the life of a slave. In the beginning of the book, she shows the Shelby Plantation as the more humane side of slavery, if there was such a thing. The slaves are treated kindly and with respect. Lulling you into a false sense of complacency, the story tells of Uncle Tom, the main character. He is a Christian and forgiving soul. He manages the other slaves and is married to Chloe, a large, loving and happy woman. Chloe is a housekeeper and cook in the Shelby household. We also meet Eliza and George Harris. Eliza is a slave at the Shelby Plantation, while her husband, George, lives nearby. They have a son, Harry (and later, a daughter, Little Eliza, who is born free in Canada.). George, Mr. and Mrs. Shelby’s son, is thirteen when the story begins and eighteen when it ends. He is a somewhat self-centered boy, but loves spending time with the slaves, reading the bible at their prayer meetings. He grows as the book evolves, becoming a young man of character who devotes himself to ending slavery, eventually setting all of his family slaves free, and keeping Uncle Tom’s cabin as a monument. Mr. Shelby, in a time of financial need, plans to sell Uncle Tom and Harry. Mrs. Shelby has promised Eliza that her son will be able to stay with her, and is mortified to learn of her husbands’ plans. She pleads with him not to do this thing, but Mr. Shelby informs her it is too late. He has already signed the papers. The papers he signs sell Uncle Tom and Harry to Haley, a slave trader. He claims to be humane to his slaves, but we soon learn of his real personality. He is a crude man who believes that slaves are the equivalent of animals, with no feelings. He can not understand why a female slave thro... Free Essays on About Uncle Tom's Cabin Free Essays on About Uncle Tom's Cabin Uncle Tom's Cabin This novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe was meant to bring the reality of slavery in the South to the citizens of the North. In this book she portrays both the best and worst of the life of a slave. In the beginning of the book, she shows the Shelby Plantation as the more humane side of slavery, if there was such a thing. The slaves are treated kindly and with respect. Lulling you into a false sense of complacency, the story tells of Uncle Tom, the main character. He is a Christian and forgiving soul. He manages the other slaves and is married to Chloe, a large, loving and happy woman. Chloe is a housekeeper and cook in the Shelby household. We also meet Eliza and George Harris. Eliza is a slave at the Shelby Plantation, while her husband, George, lives nearby. They have a son, Harry (and later, a daughter, Little Eliza, who is born free in Canada.). George, Mr. and Mrs. Shelby’s son, is thirteen when the story begins and eighteen when it ends. He is a somewhat self-centered boy, but loves spending time with the slaves, reading the bible at their prayer meetings. He grows as the book evolves, becoming a young man of character who devotes himself to ending slavery, eventually setting all of his family slaves free, and keeping Uncle Tom’s cabin as a monument. Mr. Shelby, in a time of financial need, plans to sell Uncle Tom and Harry. Mrs. Shelby has promised Eliza that her son will be able to stay with her, and is mortified to learn of her husbands’ plans. She pleads with him not to do this thing, but Mr. Shelby informs her it is too late. He has already signed the papers. The papers he signs sell Uncle Tom and Harry to Haley, a slave trader. He claims to be humane to his slaves, but we soon learn of his real personality. He is a crude man who believes that slaves are the equivalent of animals, with no feelings. He can not understand why a female slave thro...

Free Essays on First Amendment

â€Å"You cheap ass hoe,† and â€Å"you *censored*ing ass hole,† are two of the many sayings you can hear on tabloid talk shows. All the profanity is usually beeped out, but should it be? We have freedom of speech rights, do we not? Technically, we do not have that right. So, producers are not going to let their guests use profanity, but when that is the case they should do a better job at censoring. The first amendment states, â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances. (U.S. Constitution.) Which means we do not have freedom of speech rights. It just means that Congress can not make any laws to prohibit speech as long as it does not hurt anyone else. However, producers can limit what their guests say. People on tabloid talk shows can use profanity as much as they want, but producers have every right to beep them out. People feel that profanity is bad for small children and is inappropriate. Producers will not ignore that because they want people to watch their show. If people will watch the show as long as profanity is beeped out, then they will beep it out because all they care about is ratings. People do not find profanity socially acceptable, so producers censor profanity or nudity. However, they do not do a good job censoring profanity. They miss the word by a second and you can hear the first part and only the other half is beeped out. If they want to censor things for the good of the people, they should also blur out their guest’s lips, but producers do not do this. They know that profanity will help keep their ratings up. It is entertaining to watch grown people cuss and fight on television. It is just inappropriate for impressionable minds. There are a lot of things that are sa... Free Essays on First Amendment Free Essays on First Amendment â€Å"You cheap ass hoe,† and â€Å"you *censored*ing ass hole,† are two of the many sayings you can hear on tabloid talk shows. All the profanity is usually beeped out, but should it be? We have freedom of speech rights, do we not? Technically, we do not have that right. So, producers are not going to let their guests use profanity, but when that is the case they should do a better job at censoring. The first amendment states, â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances. (U.S. Constitution.) Which means we do not have freedom of speech rights. It just means that Congress can not make any laws to prohibit speech as long as it does not hurt anyone else. However, producers can limit what their guests say. People on tabloid talk shows can use profanity as much as they want, but producers have every right to beep them out. People feel that profanity is bad for small children and is inappropriate. Producers will not ignore that because they want people to watch their show. If people will watch the show as long as profanity is beeped out, then they will beep it out because all they care about is ratings. People do not find profanity socially acceptable, so producers censor profanity or nudity. However, they do not do a good job censoring profanity. They miss the word by a second and you can hear the first part and only the other half is beeped out. If they want to censor things for the good of the people, they should also blur out their guest’s lips, but producers do not do this. They know that profanity will help keep their ratings up. It is entertaining to watch grown people cuss and fight on television. It is just inappropriate for impressionable minds. There are a lot of things that are sa...

Petro-Canada's Total Compensation Strategy and Program Research Paper - 1

Petro-Canada's Total Compensation Strategy and Program - Research Paper Example However, the report analyses the above compensation structure before the occurrence of the merger between Petro-Canada and Suncor Energy. The idea is to analyze the compensation package of this employee to evaluate the same for the organization. Overview of the Company It is important to provide an introduction about the company before studying its compensation structure. Petro-Canada is a public organization producing oil and gas organization and taking part in all of the upstream and downstream operations. The company is known for exploring for and producing energy not only locally but also internationally. It has as many as 1,323 retail outlets which supplies petroleum products and services across the nation (The Canadian Encyclopedia, 2011). Headquarter of the company is located at the in downtown Calgary in Alberta. In the year 2008, the total revenue of the company was $27,785,000, while its employee strength was 6,088 (Petro-Canada, 2008, p.110). The oil and gas industry in Ca nada happens to be highly competitive having strong competitors like Encana etc. The objective to increase strength and emerge as a larger oil and gas company the company decided to merge with Suncor in the year 2009. However, now it operates as a subsidiary under the parent company, Suncor Energy (Suncor Energy Inc, n.d). Compensation Program for Applications Analyst I The compensation package received by an applications analyst I is quite favorable (Please refer Appendix 1). Cash Compensation The cash compensation received by an Applications analyst I in Petro-Canada is CDN$75,000-85,000 (Tang, 2010). This is a much higher amount as compared to the average market rate which is $50,795 (Pay Scale, 2011). Thus it can be said that the company has a lead policy in this regard. Apart from having an attractive salary the company also has a scheme of sharing profits with employees which happens at the end of each fiscal year. The amount of the profits shared with the workers depends on t he performance of the company at that financial year. As per the rules of the company an Application Analyst I is able to earn an amount of 10% of his base pay as profit sharing. In this way an employee could earn as high as 15% to 20% when the company has a successful performance in a year (Tang, 2010). Benefits Every staff in the company is subjected to the same comprehensive benefits and there is no biasness in that. Some of the benefits are determined by the company; however certain benefits schemes are subjected to more flexibility by the employees. Employees have certain amount of liberty to decide plans for the schemes. Thus, a flexible policy of benefits was developed by Petro-Canada to provide workers with the flexibility to choose their benefit coverage as per their choice. Beginning from the day the employee starts working with the organization, he is entitled to the following benefit schemes. Medical Insurance Companies generally provide benefits regarding the medical ex penses of the employees. This type of benefit forms a major part in employee benefit policy. It has often seen that if the employees’

Ch 41 dis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ch 41 dis - Essay Example ence liable for payment of USD 473, 790.18 towards response costs out of the total response costs amounted to USD 1,302,290.18 (Antitrust Division 2003). The share of response payment cost towards Alcan was only 5% of the defendant pool. Furthermore, it seems that Alcans share of liability is distributed on a contributory basis (Antitrust Division 2003). The court further observed that determination of harm is indivisible and it will not frustrate the right of a defendant to seek fair share of response cost from other defendants, as the contribution proceeds is on equitable footing. The court permitted to allocate response cost amongst the responsible where the court has no discretion to determine division of response cost (Antitrust Division 2003). Antitrust Division. United States v. Alcan Inc., Alcan Aluminum Corp., Pechiney, S.A., and Pechiney Rolled Products, LLC; Complaint, Proposed Final Judgment and Competitive Impact Statement. Federal Registrar, 2003. Accessed 7 July 2012.